The story of Ruth, encapsulated within the eponymous book of Ruth in the Old Testament, offers a profound exploration of loyalty, faith, and divine providence, interwoven with the theme of redemption. Ruth's narrative is not just a story of personal devotion and familial loyalty; it is also significant for its theological and messianic implications, making it a vital part of biblical literature.
Ruth's Background and Her Decision to Stay
Ruth was a Moabite woman, which is crucial because Moabites were often viewed unfavorably by the Israelites due to historical conflicts and religious differences. Despite this, Ruth's story begins with her marriage to Mahlon, an Israelite. Upon the death of her husband, and her father-in-law, Elimelech, Ruth faced a pivotal decision. Naomi, her Israelite mother-in-law, decided to return to Bethlehem after the death of her sons. Naomi urged Ruth and her sister-in-law, Orpah, to return to their Moabite families. Orpah chose to leave, but Ruth clung to Naomi, uttering the famous words:
"Where you go I will go, and where you stay I will stay. Your people will be my people and your God my God." (Ruth 1:16)
This decision by Ruth to follow Naomi to Bethlehem was significant not only for its demonstration of loyalty but also for its spiritual implications. Ruth, a foreigner, chose to align herself with the God of Israel, showcasing the inclusive nature of God's love and foreshadowing the global scope of the Gospel.
Ruth in Bethlehem and the Concept of the Kinsman-Redeemer
Upon arriving in Bethlehem, Ruth's status as a widow and a foreigner made her vulnerable, yet her actions continued to demonstrate her strong character and faith. She gleaned in the fields of Boaz, a relative of her late husband's family. Boaz noticed her dedication and ensured her protection and provision, actions prompted by the Levitical law that instructed landowners to leave behind some of the harvest for widows and foreigners (Leviticus 19:9-10).
The relationship between Boaz and Ruth developed, guided by the concept of the 'kinsman-redeemer' as outlined in Leviticus 25:25. A kinsman-redeemer was a close relative who had the responsibility to help a family member in severe financial difficulty. Boaz fulfilled this role by marrying Ruth, thus preserving the lineage of Elimelech and ensuring Ruth and Naomi's security. Their union was blessed with a son, Obed, who became the grandfather of King David, and thus, Ruth, a Moabite, was grafted into the lineage of the Messiah, Jesus Christ.
Theological and Messianic Significance
Ruth’s story is integral to understanding the genealogy of Jesus Christ. Matthew’s Gospel opens with a genealogy that includes Ruth, highlighting her importance in the messianic line (Matthew 1:5). Her inclusion among the ancestors of Jesus is significant because it demonstrates that God’s plan of salvation transcends national and ethnic boundaries. It underscores a theme that is central to the Gospel: inclusion.
Moreover, Ruth's story is a profound illustration of the concept of redemption. Just as Boaz redeemed Ruth, bringing her from a place of vulnerability to one of security and honor, so too does Christ redeem humanity. This parallel extends the narrative of Ruth beyond its historical setting into a theological exemplar of Christ’s redemptive work.
Ruth as a Model of Virtue and Faith
Ruth is often celebrated for her steadfast loyalty and faith. Her decision to leave her native land and adopt the God and people of Israel is a powerful testament to her faith in God’s provision. Her story is a vivid portrayal of practical faith in action – faith that is lived out through hard work, loyalty, and righteousness. Ruth’s actions, though rooted in the everyday realities of life, reflect a deep spiritual commitment and trust in God.
Furthermore, Ruth is a model of personal virtue. Her integrity, kindness, and diligence are evident throughout her story and are qualities that are repeatedly affirmed by other characters, such as Boaz and Naomi. Her story encourages believers to live out their faith with integrity and kindness, trusting in God’s provision and timing.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the role of Ruth in the Bible extends far beyond her immediate personal circumstances. Her story is a beacon of hope and a testament to the inclusivity and redemptive power of God. It bridges the Old and New Testaments, highlighting the continuity of God’s plan for salvation, which is inclusive of all peoples. Ruth’s narrative invites us to reflect on our own lives – our loyalties, our decisions, and our faith. It challenges us to live a life of integrity and faithfulness, assured of God’s sovereign hand in our lives. Through the story of Ruth, we see the unfolding of God’s redemptive plan, a plan that culminates in the ultimate redemption through Jesus Christ.
