In the Gospel of Matthew, we encounter a poignant narrative that delves into the character and righteousness of Joseph, the earthly father of Jesus. This narrative, found in Matthew 1:18-25, provides insight into Joseph's thoughts and actions regarding his betrothal to Mary, particularly when he discovers that she is pregnant before they have come together as husband and wife.
To understand the context, it is important to recognize the cultural and legal framework of betrothal in first-century Jewish society. Betrothal was a formal and legally binding engagement, much more significant than modern-day engagements. It was considered the first stage of marriage, during which the couple was regarded as husband and wife, though they did not yet live together or consummate the marriage. Breaking a betrothal required a formal divorce.
The Gospel of Matthew describes the situation as follows: "This is how the birth of Jesus the Messiah came about: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be pregnant through the Holy Spirit" (Matthew 1:18, NIV). This revelation must have been shocking and distressing for Joseph. From a human perspective, it appeared that Mary had been unfaithful, violating the sanctity of their betrothal. According to Jewish law, such an act could have serious consequences, including public disgrace and severe punishment for Mary.
Joseph's reaction, as described in Matthew 1:19, reveals his character: "Because Joseph her husband was faithful to the law, and yet did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly" (NIV). Here, we see Joseph's righteousness and compassion. He was a man faithful to the law, which meant he understood the seriousness of the situation. However, his love and mercy for Mary prompted him to seek a way to handle the matter quietly, sparing her public humiliation and possible danger.
The decision to divorce Mary quietly reflects Joseph's internal struggle. On one hand, he was committed to upholding the law and maintaining his integrity. On the other hand, his compassion and love for Mary made him reluctant to subject her to the harsh penalties that could ensue. Joseph's decision-making process exemplifies the tension between justice and mercy, a theme that resonates deeply throughout the Bible.
Before Joseph could act on his plans, divine intervention altered the course of events. Matthew 1:20-21 recounts, "But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, 'Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins'" (NIV). Through this angelic message, God provided Joseph with clarity and reassurance. The angel affirmed that Mary's pregnancy was a miraculous act of God, part of the divine plan for the salvation of humanity.
Joseph's response to the angelic message is instructive. Matthew 1:24-25 states, "When Joseph woke up, he did what the angel of the Lord had commanded him and took Mary home as his wife. But he did not consummate their marriage until she gave birth to a son. And he gave him the name Jesus" (NIV). Joseph's obedience to God's command is immediate and complete. He sets aside his initial plan to divorce Mary, choosing instead to trust in God's revelation and embrace his role in the unfolding divine narrative.
This account of Joseph's consideration of divorce and his subsequent decision to remain with Mary offers several profound lessons for believers today. First, it highlights the importance of righteousness that is tempered with compassion. Joseph was a man of the law, yet he sought to act with kindness and mercy. His example encourages us to balance justice with love in our relationships and decisions.
Second, Joseph's story illustrates the transformative power of divine guidance. When faced with a difficult decision, Joseph was open to God's direction, even when it defied conventional wisdom. His willingness to listen to God's voice and alter his course teaches us the value of spiritual discernment and obedience.
Finally, Joseph's acceptance of his role in God's plan underscores the theme of faithfulness. Despite the potential for misunderstanding and scandal, Joseph chose to trust in God's purpose and fulfill his responsibilities as Mary's husband and Jesus' earthly father. His faithfulness to God's call serves as a model for believers who are called to follow God's will, even when it involves personal sacrifice or challenges.
In conclusion, the narrative of Joseph considering divorcing Mary is a rich tapestry of faith, righteousness, and divine intervention. It invites us to reflect on the nature of true righteousness, the importance of compassion, and the necessity of being attuned to God's voice in our lives. As we ponder Joseph's story, we are reminded of the profound ways in which God works through ordinary people to accomplish extraordinary purposes, calling us to trust and obedience in our own journeys of faith.
