The name Boaz holds significant meaning and importance within the biblical narrative, particularly in the Book of Ruth. In Hebrew, the name Boaz (בֹּעַז) is often understood to mean "strength" or "swiftness." This interpretation is derived from the Hebrew root words that suggest notions of strength, power, and quickness. The etymology of Boaz's name is deeply intertwined with his character and role in the story, providing layers of understanding to his actions and the overarching themes of the narrative.
The Book of Ruth is a short but profound story set during the time of the Judges, a period characterized by social and moral chaos in Israel. Amid this backdrop, the story of Ruth and Boaz shines as a beacon of faithfulness, kindness, and divine providence. Boaz's name, meaning "strength," aptly reflects his character and the role he plays in the unfolding events.
Boaz is introduced in Ruth 2:1 as "a man of standing" from the clan of Elimelech. The phrase "man of standing" (Hebrew: גִּבּוֹר חַיִל, gibbor chayil) can be translated as "a mighty man of valor," indicating not just physical strength but also moral integrity and social influence. This description sets the stage for understanding Boaz's actions and his significance in the narrative.
When Ruth, a Moabite widow, comes to glean in Boaz's field, Boaz's behavior exemplifies his strength of character. He goes beyond the requirements of the law by ensuring Ruth's protection and providing for her needs generously. In Ruth 2:8-9, Boaz instructs Ruth to stay in his fields and assures her of his protection, saying, "My daughter, listen to me. Don’t go and glean in another field and don’t go away from here. Stay here with the women who work for me. Watch the field where the men are harvesting, and follow along after the women. I have told the men not to lay a hand on you. And whenever you are thirsty, go and get a drink from the water jars the men have filled."
This act of kindness and protection is a demonstration of Boaz's inner strength and moral fortitude. He embodies the qualities of a true leader, using his power and influence to uphold justice and show compassion to the vulnerable. His actions resonate with the biblical principle of loving one's neighbor, as seen in Leviticus 19:18, "Love your neighbor as yourself."
Boaz's name also reflects his role as a kinsman-redeemer (Hebrew: גֹּאֵל, go'el). In ancient Israel, a kinsman-redeemer had the responsibility to redeem a relative in serious difficulty, whether by buying back land that a poor relative had sold, marrying a widow to preserve the family line, or avenging the blood of a murdered relative. The concept of the kinsman-redeemer is rooted in the laws given in Leviticus 25 and Deuteronomy 25.
In Ruth 3:9, Ruth approaches Boaz at the threshing floor and says, "Spread the corner of your garment over me, since you are a guardian-redeemer of our family." This request symbolizes Ruth's appeal for Boaz to take her under his protection and fulfill his duty as a redeemer. Boaz responds affirmatively, recognizing both his responsibility and the righteousness of Ruth's request. He praises Ruth for her loyalty and kindness, saying in Ruth 3:10-11, "The Lord bless you, my daughter. This kindness is greater than that which you showed earlier: You have not run after the younger men, whether rich or poor. And now, my daughter, don’t be afraid. I will do for you all you ask. All the people of my town know that you are a woman of noble character."
Boaz's willingness to act as a redeemer, despite the potential cost to himself, underscores his strength of character. He is not merely strong in a physical sense but also in his commitment to righteousness and his willingness to uphold the law of God. His actions reflect the heart of God, who is often described in the Bible as a redeemer and protector of the weak and vulnerable.
The significance of Boaz's name extends beyond the immediate narrative of Ruth. Boaz becomes the great-grandfather of King David, and thus an ancestor of Jesus Christ. This genealogical connection, highlighted in Matthew 1:5-6, situates Boaz within the larger redemptive history of the Bible. Boaz's role as a redeemer foreshadows the ultimate redemption brought by Jesus, who is often referred to as our kinsman-redeemer. Just as Boaz redeemed Ruth and Naomi, Jesus redeems humanity, offering protection, provision, and a place within God's family.
In Christian literature, Boaz is frequently cited as an exemplar of godly manhood. For instance, in "Redeeming Love" by Francine Rivers, Boaz's story is used as a model for understanding God's love and redemption. Similarly, in "A Loving Life: In a World of Broken Relationships" by Paul E. Miller, Boaz's actions are analyzed to illustrate the principles of loving-kindness and sacrificial love.
Boaz's name, meaning "strength," encapsulates his role in the Book of Ruth and his significance in the broader biblical narrative. His strength is not just physical but also moral and spiritual, demonstrated through his actions as a protector, provider, and redeemer. Boaz's story teaches us about the importance of integrity, compassion, and faithfulness. It reminds us that true strength lies in using our power and influence to uphold justice, show mercy, and fulfill our responsibilities to others. Through Boaz, we see a reflection of God's redemptive love, a love that ultimately finds its fullest expression in Jesus Christ.
