Proverbs 6:16-19 is a passage that vividly outlines seven behaviors that are detestable to the Lord. This passage is a part of the wisdom literature in the Old Testament, specifically within the Book of Proverbs, which is attributed to King Solomon. The verses read:
"There are six things the Lord hates, seven that are detestable to him: haughty eyes, a lying tongue, hands that shed innocent blood, a heart that devises wicked schemes, feet that are quick to rush into evil, a false witness who pours out lies and a person who stirs up conflict in the community." (Proverbs 6:16-19, NIV)
These verses are often referred to as the "Seven Deadly Sins" of the Old Testament, though they differ from the traditional "Seven Deadly Sins" of Christian theology. Let's delve into each of these behaviors to understand their meaning and why they are so detestable to God.
Haughty Eyes
The phrase "haughty eyes" refers to pride and arrogance. In biblical terms, pride is often seen as the root of many other sins because it places one's own will above God's will. Pride can lead to a sense of self-sufficiency that denies the need for God and disregards the value of others. In Proverbs 16:18, it is written, "Pride goes before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall." This underscores the destructive nature of pride, not only in one's relationship with God but also in human relationships.
A Lying Tongue
Lying is condemned throughout Scripture because it is fundamentally opposed to the nature of God, who is truth (John 14:6). A lying tongue can cause immense harm by deceiving others, breaking trust, and leading people astray. In Ephesians 4:25, Paul urges believers to "put off falsehood and speak truthfully to your neighbor, for we are all members of one body." Lying disrupts community and relationships, making it a behavior that God detests.
Hands That Shed Innocent Blood
This phrase clearly condemns murder and any form of unjust violence. The sanctity of life is a core principle in the Bible, beginning with the commandment, "You shall not murder" (Exodus 20:13). Shedding innocent blood is an ultimate act of injustice and a direct affront to God's creation. It reflects a heart that is far from the love and justice that God desires for humanity.
A Heart That Devises Wicked Schemes
This refers to a mindset that is continually plotting evil. In Jeremiah 17:9, it is written, "The heart is deceitful above all things and beyond cure. Who can understand it?" A heart that devises wicked schemes is one that is fundamentally corrupt and opposed to God's righteousness. Such a heart is always looking for ways to harm others, exploit situations, and advance selfish interests at the expense of others.
Feet That Are Quick to Rush Into Evil
This phrase describes a propensity to engage in sinful behavior without hesitation. It highlights a lack of self-control and a readiness to participate in wrongdoing. In Isaiah 59:7, it is said, "Their feet rush into sin; they are swift to shed innocent blood. They pursue evil schemes; acts of violence mark their ways." This eagerness to do evil is a direct contrast to the call for believers to pursue righteousness and peace.
A False Witness Who Pours Out Lies
Bearing false witness is specifically condemned in the Ten Commandments: "You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor" (Exodus 20:16). This behavior is particularly harmful because it can lead to unjust outcomes, damage reputations, and destroy lives. In a judicial context, false testimony can pervert the course of justice, leading to the punishment of the innocent and the acquittal of the guilty. God values truth and justice, making false witness deeply detestable to Him.
A Person Who Stirs Up Conflict in the Community
Finally, sowing discord among brethren is an act of division and strife. In Romans 16:17, Paul warns, "I urge you, brothers and sisters, to watch out for those who cause divisions and put obstacles in your way that are contrary to the teaching you have learned. Keep away from them." Unity and peace within the community of believers are highly valued in Scripture. A person who actively works to create conflict and division is acting in direct opposition to the harmony that God desires.
Theological and Practical Implications
The seven behaviors listed in Proverbs 6:16-19 are not just random acts of wrongdoing; they are deeply relational sins that disrupt community, trust, and the moral fabric of society. Each of these behaviors reflects a heart that is turned away from God and His commandments. They are behaviors that destroy relationships, foster injustice, and create chaos.
From a theological perspective, these verses serve as a stark reminder of the holiness and righteousness that God requires. They call believers to examine their own hearts and actions, to root out these detestable behaviors, and to cultivate virtues that are pleasing to God. This passage also highlights the importance of community and the devastating impact that sin can have on communal life.
Practically speaking, these verses can serve as a guide for personal and communal conduct. They encourage believers to be vigilant against pride, deceit, violence, and division. They call for a commitment to truth, justice, and peace. By avoiding these detestable behaviors and striving for their opposites—humility, honesty, respect for life, righteous intentions, self-control, truthful testimony, and peacemaking—believers can foster a community that reflects the character of God.
Conclusion
Proverbs 6:16-19 offers a powerful summary of behaviors that are abhorrent to God. Each behavior listed is not merely an individual failing but a relational sin that disrupts community and dishonors God. These verses challenge believers to reflect on their own lives and to strive for a heart and actions that align with God's will. By understanding and avoiding these detestable behaviors, believers can live in a way that honors God and fosters a healthy, righteous community.
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