Proverbs 3:31-32 reads, "Do not envy the violent or choose any of their ways. For the Lord detests the perverse but takes the upright into his confidence" (NIV). These verses are part of the broader context of Proverbs, a book known for its practical wisdom and moral guidance. Let us delve deeper into these specific verses to understand their meaning and relevance.
Proverbs 3:31-32 is a warning against envy and a call to righteous living. The admonition begins with a clear directive: "Do not envy the violent or choose any of their ways." This is a call to reject the allure of those who achieve success through violence or unethical means. In a world where power and wealth often seem to be gained through ruthless behavior, this proverb serves as a crucial reminder to maintain integrity and resist the temptation to follow such paths.
The term "violent" here can be understood in a broader sense, encompassing not just physical violence but also any form of aggressive, oppressive, or unjust behavior. The Hebrew word used, "chamas," often signifies violence, but it can also imply wrong or injustice. The verse warns against envying such individuals, which suggests a deeper issue of the heart—desiring the apparent success and prosperity that these individuals seem to enjoy.
The second part of the verse, "For the Lord detests the perverse but takes the upright into his confidence," provides the rationale behind the warning. The term "perverse" refers to those who are morally twisted or corrupt. The Hebrew word "luz" conveys the idea of being crooked or devious. These individuals may appear successful, but their ways are abominable to God. The Lord's detestation of the perverse underscores the severity of their actions and the ultimate judgment they face.
In contrast, the upright are those who live with integrity and righteousness. The promise that the Lord "takes the upright into his confidence" is profound. The Hebrew word "sod" used here refers to a secret counsel or intimate fellowship. It implies that God shares His wisdom, guidance, and blessings with those who walk in righteousness. This intimate relationship with God is far more valuable than any earthly success gained through unjust means.
This passage echoes a recurring theme in the book of Proverbs and throughout Scripture: the contrast between the righteous and the wicked. Psalm 1, for instance, presents a similar dichotomy, describing the blessedness of the righteous who delight in God's law and the ultimate downfall of the wicked. The consistent message is that true success and fulfillment come from living in accordance with God's principles, not from following the ways of the world.
The New Testament also reinforces this teaching. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus addresses the issue of envy and the pursuit of worldly success. He teaches, "Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moths and vermin destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moths and vermin do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also" (Matthew 6:19-21, NIV). Jesus emphasizes the importance of prioritizing eternal values over temporal gains.
Furthermore, the Apostle Paul writes in 1 Timothy 6:9-10, "Those who want to get rich fall into temptation and a trap and into many foolish and harmful desires that plunge people into ruin and destruction. For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some people, eager for money, have wandered from the faith and pierced themselves with many griefs" (NIV). Paul warns against the dangers of coveting wealth and the moral compromises that often accompany such desires.
Returning to Proverbs 3:31-32, we see that the call to reject the ways of the violent and the promise of God's intimate counsel to the upright are deeply interconnected. Choosing the path of righteousness requires a deliberate decision to trust in God's justice and provision, even when the ways of the world seem more immediately rewarding. It is a call to faith and patience, trusting that God's ways are ultimately higher and better.
The wisdom literature of the Old Testament, including Proverbs, often employs vivid contrasts to teach moral lessons. These contrasts are not just about external behavior but about the condition of the heart. Envy, as warned against in Proverbs 3:31, is a heart issue that can lead to destructive behavior. By addressing the root cause—envy—the proverb aims to guide believers towards a heart aligned with God's values.
In practical terms, applying Proverbs 3:31-32 in our lives means examining our own hearts and motivations. Are we tempted to envy those who seem to achieve success through unethical means? Do we find ourselves justifying small compromises in integrity for the sake of advancement? This proverb calls us to a higher standard, reminding us that true success is found in living a life that pleases God.
Moreover, it encourages us to seek God's counsel and wisdom. The promise that God takes the upright into His confidence is an invitation to a deeper relationship with Him. It suggests that as we walk in righteousness, we gain access to God's guidance and insight, which far surpasses any worldly wisdom.
Christian literature throughout the ages has echoed these themes. For instance, in "The Imitation of Christ," Thomas à Kempis writes, "Do not be influenced by the importance of the persons, whether they be powerful or rich; but let the love of purity and simplicity guide you in all your actions" (Book 1, Chapter 7). This classic work of Christian devotion underscores the importance of purity and simplicity over worldly success.
In conclusion, Proverbs 3:31-32 offers timeless wisdom that is as relevant today as it was in ancient Israel. It calls us to reject the ways of the violent and corrupt, to guard our hearts against envy, and to seek a life of righteousness. By doing so, we align ourselves with God's values and gain the incomparable privilege of His intimate counsel and guidance. This path may not always be easy, but it leads to true and lasting fulfillment, both in this life and in the life to come.
