What is the meaning of the phrase 'faith is the substance of things hoped for' in the Bible?

The phrase "faith is the substance of things hoped for" originates from the book of Hebrews in the New Testament, specifically Hebrews 11:1, which states, "Now faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen" (KJV). This verse is one of the most profound biblical definitions of faith, and it serves as a cornerstone for understanding the nature and role of faith in the life of a believer. To fully grasp this phrase, it is essential to delve into its components and the broader context within which it is situated.

At its core, the phrase suggests that faith is foundational and tangible, even when it pertains to things that are not yet visible or realized. The word "substance" in this context is translated from the Greek word "hypostasis," which can mean assurance, confidence, or a firm foundation. Thus, faith is not merely a passive hope or wishful thinking; it is an active confidence in the promises of God. It provides a solid foundation upon which believers can build their lives, even when the fulfillment of those promises is not immediately apparent.

Faith as the "substance" implies that it gives reality to our hopes. In the same way that a foundation gives stability to a building, faith provides a stable base for our spiritual lives. It is the assurance that what we hope for in Christ—eternal life, redemption, and the fulfillment of God's promises—is as real as if it were already accomplished. This is not to say that faith creates reality, but rather that it perceives reality as God has declared it. Faith accepts God's word as truth and acts accordingly, trusting that what is unseen is as certain as what is seen.

The second part of the verse, "the evidence of things not seen," complements the idea of faith as substance. "Evidence" is translated from the Greek word "elegchos," which refers to a conviction or proof. Faith acts as the evidence or conviction of things that are not visible to the human eye. It is a conviction that transcends empirical proof and sensory experience. This is crucial because it highlights that faith involves a relationship with the unseen God and His promises. Faith is not blind; rather, it is a conviction rooted in the character and word of God.

The context of Hebrews 11 is also significant. This chapter is often referred to as the "Faith Hall of Fame," as it recounts the stories of various figures from the Old Testament who exemplified faith in their lives. These individuals, such as Noah, Abraham, and Moses, acted on God's promises even when the outcomes were not visible. Their faith was the substance and evidence of their hopes, leading them to obedience and action. For example, Abraham left his homeland based on God's promise of a land and descendants, even though he did not see these promises fulfilled in his lifetime (Hebrews 11:8-10). His faith was the assurance of things hoped for, and his actions were the evidence of his conviction.

Moreover, faith as described in Hebrews 11:1 is not static; it is dynamic and active. It involves trust and obedience. James 2:26 states, "For as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is dead also" (KJV). Genuine faith produces action; it is lived out in the daily decisions and choices of a believer. This is why the individuals mentioned in Hebrews 11 are commended for their faith—they acted on their beliefs, demonstrating that faith is alive and operative.

The phrase "faith is the substance of things hoped for" also speaks to the tension between the present and the future in the Christian life. Believers live in the "now" but are oriented towards the "not yet." The "things hoped for" encompass the future realities promised by God, including the ultimate redemption and restoration of creation. Faith bridges the gap between the present experience and future hope, allowing believers to live with confidence and purpose.

Furthermore, this understanding of faith provides comfort and encouragement in times of uncertainty and trial. In a world where visible circumstances can often seem daunting and discouraging, faith anchors the believer in the promises of God. It assures us that God's purposes will prevail, even when they are not yet visible. As Paul writes in 2 Corinthians 5:7, "For we walk by faith, not by sight" (KJV). This walk by faith involves trusting in God's character and promises, regardless of the current circumstances.

In addition, the phrase invites believers to cultivate a deeper relationship with God. Faith is not merely an intellectual assent to doctrines; it is a relational trust in God. This relational aspect is crucial because it emphasizes that faith is not self-generated; it is a response to God's revelation and initiative. As Romans 10:17 states, "So then faith comes by hearing, and hearing by the word of God" (KJV). Faith is nurtured and strengthened through engagement with Scripture, prayer, and the community of believers.

Christian literature and theology have long reflected on the nature of faith. For instance, in his classic work "Mere Christianity," C.S. Lewis discusses faith as a virtue that involves perseverance and trust in God, especially when feelings and circumstances challenge belief. Similarly, Augustine of Hippo, in his "Confessions," explores faith as a journey of trust and surrender to God's will, even when the path is unclear.

In summary, the phrase "faith is the substance of things hoped for" encapsulates a profound truth about the Christian life. It affirms that faith is a confident assurance and a firm foundation in the promises of God, providing evidence of realities not yet seen. This faith is active, dynamic, and relational, calling believers to trust in God's character and live in accordance with His promises. It is both a present reality and a future hope, anchoring believers in the midst of life's uncertainties and guiding them towards the fulfillment of God's redemptive purposes. As such, it is a vital component of spiritual wellbeing, shaping how believers perceive and engage with the world.